ABSTRACT
Forty-six school children with japonicum schistosomiasis living in a village at Napu Valley, Indonesia were treated with praziquantel at a dosage of 70 mg/kg in two divided doses in a day. The number of children with palpable liver dropped significantly from 95.6% before treatment to 58.7% after treatment. The size of the liver was reduced in the majority of cases with a virtual disappearance of cases with very large liver (10 cm). Post-treatment increase of the liver size was observed in all 8 cases with small pre-treatment livers (0.5-1 cm). In contrast to the changes of the size of the liver after treatment, the number of children with palpable spleens before and after treatment was not significantly altered.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Hepatomegaly/complications , Humans , Indonesia , Male , Praziquantel/therapeutic use , Schistosomiasis japonica/complications , Splenomegaly/complicationsABSTRACT
The impact of mass treatment with praziquantel on 241 individuals, 131 males and 110 females in Napu Valley, Indonesia was studied. The pre-treatment overall stool positive cases ranged from 43% to 79%, the highest in the 20-29 age group. Post-treatment follow-up study showed that the cases dropped to 2.5%. Significant reduction was seen in liver rate from 68% to 51% and in the age groups 0-9, 10-19, there was a significant decrease in liver enlargement after treatment, but not significant differences were seen in spleen rate in all age groups. This might be due to the early stage of Schistosoma infection in younger age groups where complete resolution of fibrosis might occur.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Hepatomegaly/drug therapy , Humans , Indonesia , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Praziquantel/therapeutic use , Schistosomiasis/drug therapy , Splenomegaly/drug therapyABSTRACT
A survey was carried out in three orphanages in Jakarta for intestinal helminthic infections. Stool samples and anal swabs of 158 children were examined. The prevalences of intestinal helminthic infections in the Putra Utama, Muslimin and Van der Steur orphanages were respectively as follows: a lumbricoides 70.0%, 76.6% and 50.8%, T. trichiura 78.0% 93.6% and 70.5%, hookworm 20.0%, 12.7% and 3.2% and E. vermicularis 34.0% 29.8%, 59.0%. Treatment with Trivexan (100 mg of pyrantel pamoate and 150 mg of mebendazole), one tablet as a single daily dose for 3 consecutive days resulted in cure rates for A. lumbricoides 96.0%, 100% for T. trichiura 78.0%, 80.9% and 86.9% for hookworm 98.0%, 100% and 100% and for E. vermicularis 82.3% 92.9% and 97.2%. No side effects were observed, except in one child who complained of nausea.